Realtime :
mount -o discard /dev/rbd0 /mnt/myrbd
Using batch :
fstrim /mnt/myrbd
Test
The empty FS :
$ rbd create rbd/myrbd --size=20480
$ mkfs.xfs /dev/rbd0
$ rbd diff rbd/myrbd | awk '{ SUM += $2 } END { print SUM/1024/1024 " MB" }'
14.4062 MB
With a big file... :
$ mount /dev/rbd0 …